A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate univariate and multivariate hazard ratios for the variables

A Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate univariate and multivariate hazard ratios for the variables. cancer worldwide with an annual incidence of 952, 000 and is the second leading cause of global cancer mortality [1]. More than 70% of the GC cases occur in developing countries, with Asia having the highest incidence. Despite the current effort to reduceHelicobacter Pyloriinfection, which is considered the most significant risk element for GC [2-4], GC remains a prominent public health and an economic burden in Asia [2, 5]. In China, GC is the third leading cause of death from cancer with an age group standardized incidence rate of 22. 7 per 100, 000 [6-7](Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide in 2012, International Agency for Research on Cancer). Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in males and the second most common cancer in females globally [8], with an annual incidence of 1. 4 million. Although the majority of CRC cases occur in developed countries and historically Asia has the lowest incidence, the CRC incidence rate in China offers dramatically increased in recent years, with an age group standardized incidence rate of 14. 2 per 100, 000, and ranked the fth leading cause of death from cancer [9-10]. To improve clinical outcome of gastrointestinal cancer patients, novel molecular prognostic markers are needed as well as improved understanding of the mechanism of tumorigenesis. Lysosomal-associated membrane protein a few (LAMP3) belongs to the LAMP family proteins. LAMP proteins are highly glycosylated type 1 Niraparib hydrochloride integral membrane proteins, mainly residing in lysosomal membranes. LAMP3 was originally identified as a marker of adult dendritic cells (CD208, DC-LAMP) [11] as well as a lung specific gene (TSC403) [12]. It is overexpressed in several types of human cancers [12]. Although the precise function of LAMP3 is unknown, recent in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that LAMP3 may be important for tumor metastasis and resistance to therapy: LAMP3 protein was overexpressed in cancer cells from many organs, including cervix, breast, ovary, colon and liver [12]; LAMP3 induces migration and invasion of tumor cells in vitro [13-14]; LAMP3 expression has been associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy [15-17]; finally, LAMP3 expression continues to be associated with lymph node metastasis and poor overall survival [18-20]. TP53 is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes, mutated in over 50% of human malignancies [21]. It regulates DNA repair, cell cycle and apoptosis and therefore plays an essential role in maintaining genetic stability [22]. Because crazy type TP53 protein has a short half-life while mutant TP53 proteins are stabilized and show dominant-negative function, TP53 protein detected by immunohistochemistry assay continues to be widely used as a surrogate marker for TP53 mutation [23-24]. In gastrointestinal cancers, TP53 is one of the most prevalent Niraparib hydrochloride genetic alterations [25-26], and TP53 protein detection by immunohistochemistry has been associated with better response to chemotherapy [27]. Little Niraparib hydrochloride is known about the role of LAMP3 in gastrointestinal cancer. Thus far, only two studies have investigated the potential role of Rabbit Polyclonal to RGS10 LAMP3 in gastrointestinal tumors: Ishigami et al found that the presence of intratumoral LAMP3+ (CD208+) mature interdigitating dendritic cells (IDCs) was inversely correlated with patients’ postoperative outcome in GC [28]; Adamsen et al identified LAMP3 as a novel TP53 downstream target gene in colon cancer cells [29]. In the present study, we analyzed epithelial LAMP3 and TP53 expression by immunohistochemistry analysis in both benign and malignant gastric and colorectal tissues using tissue microarrays (TMAs). We correlated epithelial LAMP3 and TP53 expression with clinicopathological characteristics as well as overall survival in patients with gastrointestinal cancers. == RESULTS == == LAMP3 or TP53 expression in gastrointestinal tissues == LAMP3 protein expression was mainly detected in tumor epithelial cells, only in rare occasions ( <5 cases) it was also detected in tumor infiltrating lymphocyte. LAMP3 protein was localized in the cytoplasm while TP53 protein was localized in the nuclei. Using the X-tile software program for TMA data analysis.